As a social worker in West Africa, I have observed firsthand how differing childcare systems, economic policies, and cultural norms impact family dynamics and poverty levels in neighboring Liberia and Sierra Leone. Despite both countries sharing regional similarities, their approaches to childcare and social welfare yield contrasting challenges—particularly in late-age homelessness and begging among the elderly and vulnerable populations.

Child Care Differences: Liberia vs. Sierra Leone

In Liberia, childcare is often community-based, with extended families and siblings sharing responsibilities. Formal childcare is virtually free or low-cost, relying on kinship support. However, this system, while culturally rooted, places a heavy burden on older children (especially girls), who may sacrifice education to care for younger siblings.

In Sierra Leone, childcare is more monetized and expensive, straining low-income families. Many parents, particularly single mothers, struggle to afford daycare, forcing children into street hawking or leaving them unattended. This economic pressure contributes to intergenerational poverty, as children miss out on education and stable upbringing.

Causes of Late-Age Homelessness and Begging

1. Collapse of Traditional Family Support – Urbanization and economic hardship weaken the extended family structure, leaving the elderly and disabled without caregivers.
2. Post-War Trauma – Both countries suffered brutal civil wars, leaving many without family networks or mental health support, increasing vulnerability.
3. Lack of Social Safety Nets – Pensions and welfare programs are weak or nonexistent, pushing the elderly into begging.
4. Youth Migration – Younger generations move to cities or abroad for work, abandoning aging parents in rural areas with no support.

Solutions to Reduce Poverty and Homelessness

1. Strengthen Community-Based Care – Expand foster care systems and subsidize community daycare centers to relieve sibling caregivers.
2. Elderly Support Programs – Introduce small pensions, healthcare access, and housing schemes for the aged.
3. Economic Empowerment – Provide microloans and vocational training for single mothers and at-risk youth to break poverty cycles.
4. Mental Health Services – Address war trauma and addiction through counseling and rehabilitation programs.
5. Policy Reforms – Governments should enforce child labor laws and invest in free education to reduce street begging.

Conclusion

While cultural practices and welfare systems differ in Liberia and Sierra Leone, both nations face similar struggles with poverty and homelessness. Sustainable solutions must combine economic support, social welfare reforms, and community engagement to protect the most vulnerable. As a social worker, I urge policymakers to prioritize inclusive development—because no child should raise a child, and no elder should beg to survive.

West African Social Worker & Advocate for panafrican.email